Development Plan Reflection Essay Example for Free

Improvement Plan Reflection Essay While perusing different sources on the significance of reflecting after an encounter I went over some savvy words, that of Aitchison and Graham refered to in Stoobants et al (2007:30) that state, â€Å"We don't gain as a matter of fact. Experience must be captured, inspected, investigated, considered and haggled so as to move it to knowledge†. In view of these words I started to perceive any reason why it is essential to ponder my first MBA task. I see the MBA course as a learning venture, it is through thinking about my past encounters that I will handily recognize my qualities and shortcomings and in this way effectively distinguish regions that I should focus on creating during my MBA venture. In this task you will find out about an encounter that occurred during the beginning periods of my vocation as a director. I will break down and talk about how this experience has prompted where I am today and how it has influenced my arrangements going ahead in both my own and working life. This was in year 2010. I was solicited to act in the job from Management Accountant as my director around then surrendered. I was then effectively hungry for additional difficulties thus I readily acknowledged decisively as I was resolved to demonstrate that I am prepared for it. Soon thereafter it out of nowhere occurred to me that it would have been trying with the numerous opening in the group (Refer to Appendix 1 for the group structure). In light of this test, I adjusted the group with the goal for it to work better. We set out n the yearly spending process soon thereafter which turned out poorly as we didn't finish the spending introduction inside the specified courses of events, didn't get the opportunity to break down the pundit all the numbers altogether and subsequently the area was not prepared for introducing the yearly financial plan on an ideal opportunity to Head Office. Post the experience underneath are the key things that I removed from that experience that I thought would empower me to oversee groups better going ahead: * Ensure that satisfactory preparing on the framework is given and mentioning the business to give more IT bolster individuals even outside of business hours during the spending procedure. Figure out how to lead and representative and realize that I can't shuffle my job and others as I can just accomplish so such myself as I was doing the vast majority of the work that should have been finished by the Financial Planner: Benrose. * Seek exhortation from chief and not be hesitant to request training. * Plan better around the timetables to consider naiveté of a portion of my colleagues e. g. Plan a preliminary run introduction * Be increasingly emphatic as I understood that as a chief I could have arranging extra assets since our headcount was lean so as not to bargain our expectations. Subsequent to having experienced my first workshop at Henley, I preferred Belbin (1981)’s group good example that was introduced and in his book where he proceeds to take a gander at why supervisory groups succeed or bomb which I amusingly found lying in my folks contemplate and work presently never tried to try and take a gander at. He recognizes 9 group jobs in 3 classes. The activity orientated individuals (Shapers, Implementers and Complete finishers). The idea orientated individuals (Co-ordinators, Teamworkers and Resource examiners). The last gathering are the individuals orientated (Specialists, Monitor evaluators (MEs) and plants). Had I applied his model to comprehend my group elements preceding beginning the spending procedure, I would have seen that I had holes in key jobs that kept us from finishing the undertaking on schedule. If you don't mind note the beneath jobs alloted to my colleagues are simply founded on my own discernment dependent on how I know them not founded on the survey that is ordinarily finished. AFP †Implementer and Resource Investigator (She was the coordinator for the group and was acceptable at giving new information or something new found while taking a shot at the new framework and she would impart it to the remainder of the group) * FP Midrand †Plant and Resource Investigator (He was innovative and for the most part took a gander at issues, he was chipper and excited individual yet was effectively occupied and would need to begin taking a gander at new things without finis hing an undertaking) * Me †Specialist and Monitor Evaluator. These were my main 2 jobs from the aftereffects of the poll I finished for my first workshop at Henley. I was a master in the group since I had more information on the business and account than my group. Everything considered, I would have had the option to effortlessly coordinate the right individuals with the rights errands. I additionally could have set up plans to guarantee the accompanying: * I had no shaper in the group. Belbin portrays a shaper as for the most part somebody ready to drive a group and provide guidance †not having this I think added to us missing the cutoff time. So in mentioning extra assets (e. . a temp individual the business would have permitted) I could have guaranteed that I chose somebody who is a shaper or grown a greater amount of shaper characteristics in myself. * As we didn't get to fundamentally examine the numbers earlier our accommodation, on the off chance that we had somebody solid on being a completer finisher in the gathering odds of us submitting quality data would have been high as this job is successfully utilized toward the finish of an errand, to â€Å"polish† and investigate the work for blunders. I would utilize this for my potential benefit going ahead in my group assignments going ahead.

Convenience Store and 7-eleven

7-Eleven in Taiwan Yuko Matsumuro National Chengchi University Abstract Nowadays, accommodation stores have become increasingly more typical in Taiwan. In the event that you simply glance around all over the place, you will before long discover there are a ton of accommodation stores encompassing your town. Among a few accommodation store chains, 7-Eleven, or the President Chain Store Corporation, is the most famous one at this point. The paper centers around why 7-Eleven is so fruitful in Taiwan and interests what is behind it.At the start, to comprehend the situation of 7-Eleven’s parent organization Uni-President Enterprise Corporation (UPEC) in Taiwan, and research how it impact the accomplishment of 7-Eleven. Additionally, in light of the information which indicated the consumers’ fulfillment towards 7-Eleven’s help, to consider how 7-Eleven’s assistance exhibitions are assessed by purchasers and what sorts of the executives manuals they have. In last , the paper will examine the impacts of 7-Eleven’s exceptional showcasing geological technique and their promotion consequences for consumers.These data will assist us with knowing why 7-Eleven can keep on improving. Why 7-Eleven prevail in Taiwan? Acquaintance According with the article â€Å"Taiwan Convenience Stores 2010†, â€Å"In 2009, Taiwan’s four significant accommodation store chains, for example, 7-Eleven, Family Mart, Hi-life, and OK worked a sum of 9,184 stores around the nation, a thickness of one store for every 2,500 individuals, making Taiwan the densest market on the planet as far as comfort stores. † Among a few accommodation store chains, 7-Eleven is the most well known one in Taiwan now.To consider the historical backdrop of Taiwanese comfort stores, as per the article â€Å"The Development and Trend for Convenience Stores† from Managing Convenience Stores Theories, the Uni-President Enterprise Corporation (UPEC) had contributed the incredible job to the improvement of comfort store in Taiwan (Department of Economy, 2000). â€Å"In May 27, 1979, UPEC expressed with fourteen chain stores and in this year, UPEC helped out the Southland Corporation, having the longest history and the greatest chain accommodation store Company in South America, imported 7-Eleven to Taiwan† (Department of Economy, 2000).The initial 7-Eleven in Taiwan opened in 1980 with 27 stores and the offer of this current year was simply just NTD 1. 2 billion. Albeit 7-Eleven grew 62 stores in 1984, the deal despite everything didn't improve a great deal, and 33 stores had been shut in this year (Lu and Luo, 2010). By the by, the 7-Eleven organization didn't stop to build the quantity of stores; in 1987 they began to work 24 hours with each of the 168 stores. Since this defining moment, 7-Eleven began to grow their business and in April 2010, 7-Eleven extended with 4733 chain stores with an offer of NTD1017. 6 billion out of a year ( Lu and Luo, 2010).This paper will investigate these following inquiries: 1. Why 7-Eleven is so effective in Taiwan? 2. Does 7-Eleven’s parent’s organization the Uni-President Enterprise Corporation (UPEC) job identifies with the achievement of 7-Eleven? 3. What sorts of systems 7-Eleven has? It is significant to examine why 7-Eleven can proceed to improve and comprehend their techniques and foundations. What is the Uni-President Enterprise Corporation (UPEC)? As a matter of first importance, to comprehend the situation of 7-Eleven’s parent organization Uni-President Enterprise Corporation (UPEC) in Taiwan, and examine how it impact the achievement of 7-Eleven.According to the article â€Å"The Revenue for UPEC in April is 41. 92 billion and expanding every year by 7. 41%†, â€Å"The entire benefit creation of UPEC in April recorded NT41. 92 billion, its expanded 7. 41% from a year ago at the equivalent time† (Yang, 2011). Uni-President Enterprise C orporation (UPEC) is the main organization in Taiwan, which has numerous sorts of food fabricate branches, and many items can be made through just one branch (Chang, 2006). Significant local auxiliaries of UPEC are, for example, 7-Eleven, Starbucks Coffee Company, Mister Donuts, Muji (Taiwan) Co. , President Drugstore Business Corp. COSMED), President Transnet Corp. , Semeur De Pain, etc. We can see there are such huge numbers of auxiliaries under the UPEC and every one of them very well known organizations in Taiwan now. â€Å"While satisfactorily incorporating the auxiliaries of retail, coordinations and recreational help organizations inside the gathering, quickly growing its business territory† (Uni-President, 2007). The auxiliaries of UPEC’s business tie-up expanded their business region, and made UPEC all the more remarkable organization. In 2005, the benefit creation of the food business UPEC surpassed over NTD 1,000 billion† (Chang, 2006).The food industr y of UPEC is one of renowned organization in Taiwan, on the off chance that you check out 7-Eleven’s food classes, you will before long found a great deal of them are from its organization. Presently, we know such enormous food industry behind 7-Eleven, is it identified with the accomplishment of 7-Eleven? Food is significant job in comfort store In the article â€Å"The Almighty Convenience Store, 7-11 and Family Mart Competes†, E-IPC, the exploration of Taiwanese individuals whose recurrence to visit accommodation stores which expressed from 1988, proposed the individuals who addressed once seven days was 53. % in 1995; in 2009, the individuals who offered an explanation to go there consistently was 84. 7%, among them, the whole of the individuals who addressed three times each week and once seven days was half, addressed going regular was 34%, shockingly, the individuals who addressed visited over two times per day was 7. 3% (Marketing. chinatimes. com, 2010). The t ime of fundamental customers who go through cash in accommodation store is 13 to 64, the E-IPC in 2006 to 2009, indicated that the individuals who addressed visiting there consistently was expanded 30. 8 to 34% (Marketing. hinatimes. com, 2010). From the information, we can see these days individuals visit the accommodation stores more regularly than previously. At that point, what sort of individuals have become regulars these days? The article shows that the Taiwanese populace is for the most part common laborers; they at any rate purchase two takeout suppers for every day, and these two dinners are for the most part breakfast and lunch (Marketing. chinatimes. com, 2010). Presently, we know the primary purchaser of comfort store is the average workers individuals and their needs are food.According to the article â€Å"Local Convenience Stores' turn of events and future in 2008†, the information of â€Å"The Private Brand of four major accommodation stores in Taiwan†( Table 1) shows that 7-Eleven’s principle items, for example, â€Å"Drinks, new food, snacks, espressos, commodities†, every one of them originates from UPEC organization or their own 7-Eleven brands (Wang. 2008). As to Family Mart, their fundamental items are the â€Å"Fresh food and drinks†, Hi-Life’s are the â€Å"Fresh food and dairy products†, and OK is the â€Å"Fresh food† (Wang. 2008).Only Fresh food originate from their own brands in Family shop, Hi-Life, and OK, and we can see 7-Eleven has more numerous sorts of fundamental items than others on account of the help of UPEC. Table 1 The Private Brand of four major comfort stores in Taiwan (2008) |Company |Brands |Main items |Notes | |7-Eleven |7-11 |Drinks |All items originate from UPEC organization or their | |Fresh food |own 7-Eleven brands | Snacks | |CITY CAFE |Coffees | |Daily products | |Family |Fami |Drinks |Fresh food originates from their own Fami image | |Mart | |Fresh food | |Hi-life |Hi-life |Drinks |Fresh food originates from their own Hi-life brand | |Daily wares | |OK |Fresh food |Fresh food originates from their own OK image | â€Å"Extended menu contributions have effectively expanded the significance of accommodation stores foodservice offering. The organization gets its offer from its comfort stores, under the brand 7-Eleven. Toward the finish of 2009, there were 4,750 outlets,† 7-Eleven might be viewed as the pioneer in presenting comfort stores cheap food in Taiwan, and has since continually improved with the dispatch of new items (Euromonitor global. 2010). Moreover, â€Å"Family Mart said the offer of new food things right now represents just 12 percent of its income. In Taiwan, the industry normal is 20 percent† (Business week by week. 010), contrasted and other comfort stores, Family Mart gives less food and it might give separation with 7-Eleven’ high deal in light of the fact that people’s needs are food. At that point, how does the CVS chain store pulls in the clients and makes non halting thought processes in them to purchase? There are two imminent on this; one is the items that they are presently selling. With the entrance of the stores, growing their takeout suppers showcase is likewise a significant promoting procedure (Marketing. chinatimes. com, 2010). In this manner, the comfort stores’ focuses on the planning to do showcasing methodologies or other limited time plans. For instance, in 7-Eleven, beverages and morning meals are just 39 NTD to advance their items (Marketing. chinatimes. com, 2010). Interior business the executives of 7-ElevenAccording to the date of â€Å"The Benchmarking Companies of Digital Service in 2011†, 7-Eleven, or the President Chain Store Corporation, positioned the top in retailer class, it can say shoppers are fulfilled to the administrations of 7-Eleven (He and Yang, 2011). From this date, we can consider why 7-Eleven’s help exh ibitions are assessed by purchasers and what sorts of the executives manuals they have. As indicated by the book of â€Å"Successful CVS Strategies† by Chen Kuang in 2006, expressed the point by point and explicit individual administration is 7-Eleven’s fundamental idea. There are three fundamental administration ideas of 7-Eleven, for example, work refinement, formal administration, and the guiding principle to the shoppers. Above all else, the element of 7-Eleven’s staff the executives is refinement work.For model, as to cleaning, â€Å"there are numerous stores are required to do cleaning however less stores have cleaning process and each division has

DIY Admissions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

DIY Admissions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions DIY Admissions For the last few weeks, my shower has suddenly started to drip water, even with the handle set at full off. I could live with a tiny leak, but this was becoming a steady leak, leading to other issues. So this weekend, I took on the task of repairing my shower in my house. I waited until my family was gone for the week, did some research on the internet on how to fix a leaky shower, and then built up my nerve to tackle the project. I am fine with fixing simple things around the house, even to the point of scaling the roof to fix a few torn shingles, but plumbing work terrifies me. I have nightmares about the entire shower suddenly falling into the kitchen due to my plumbing mistakes. But after looking at what was needed for a basic dripping shower, I figured I could take on the project. I watched the YouTube videos, read the package instructions, and I was ready. It started out simple enough Step 1, remove the handle. 20 minutes and a lot of WD-40 later, the handle was removed. Step 2, remove the metal shower sleeve done in 20 seconds. Step 3, remove the bonnet nut you guessed it, 30 minutes, one new wrench and a lot of WD-40 later, bonnet nut removed. Step 4, remove the cartridge and look at the rubber gasket washers. Step 5, notice there are no rubber gasket washers. Step 6, watch a lot of plumbers on YouTube fixing. Step 7, 45 minutes, one trip back to the hardware store to buy a new cartridge with the washers already built in, several times of asking myself why I am doing this, then pop the new cartridge in. I put the nut, sleeve and handle back on, said a small prayer, turned on the water and the shower worked. Now, I can still see a few minor imperfections, as the handle is not aligned perfectly and the there is a tiny gap that might or might not have been there before. But it works, it looks pretty good, and I learned a new skill (a nd I didnt have to pay a plumber $200+ for his work). Now why in the world did I just tell you a story about me fixing a shower, and how does it even remotely relate to admissions? Well just like my minor plumbing job, applying to colleges can be a little scary, and you might hit a few speed bumps or need a little metaphorical WD-40, but you can handle this process. Unless you have a seriously unusual or challenging situation, you dont need a personal counselor, a test prep coach or an essay expert to get you through college admissions. This is a DIY project, and you can do it. Yes, you might need some advice from your parents, your counselor or Khan Academy (I dont think there is a perfect YouTube video on this subject yet), but you will make it through this process. I am not against students working with independent counselors or test prep programs, but I want to make sure people know that it is not a required part of the process or that everyone else is getting assistance. As well, many times admissions offices can grasp whether a student has or has not been given assistance in the application process. Its a little like third grade science projects, where the range of parental assistance can clearly be seen in the finished work. Did eight year old Johnny really build a working scale model of the Mars rover climbing out of a crater on the red planet? We are looking for your voice in the essays, your interests in the co-curricular activities, and an overall view of what you are like in the application. For some applicants, the over-polishing of essays by third parties or activities added in senior year because someone suggested it would look good on a resume makes the application lose its vitality. Again, I have no issue with students receiving advice on their admission application, but make sure you are the driver of this process, not the passenger. You know who you are, so you be you, and show us that in your application. Good luck, and Go Dawgs!

Discrete Math - 1153 Words

Coal is a fossil fuel like oil and gas. Fossil fuels are all formed out of organic matter deposited, decomposed and compressed, storing all the carbon involved under the earths surface for millions of years. Some of the advantages of coal are - * Easily combustible, and burns at low temperatures, making coal-fired boilers cheaper and simpler than many others * Widely and easily distributed all over the world; * Comparatively inexpensive to buy on the open market due to large reserves and easy accessibility * Good availability for much of the world (i.e. coal is found many more places than other fossil fuels) * Most coal is rather simple to mine, making it by far the least expensive fossil fuel to actually obtain†¦show more content†¦Coal slurry (a mix of rock and coal products left over after the mined coal has been treated for use as a fuel) is a severe environmental problem around coal mines. The slurry itself is a semi-liquid, and is generally stored in a pond or small lake near the mine exit. The slurry contains a whole host of nasty chemicals, mostly benzene relatives and derivatives, and is categorized as low-level toxic waste. Storing is a significant problem, as it has a tendency to leech into the local environment, contaminating groundwater and nearby croplands. The major problem is that the volume of coal slurry is quite high, relative to the amount of usable coal produced. Improve answe Nevada is shaping up as the battle ground for a decision on the future of electric generation in the United States. But it’s not nuclear power and Yucca Mountain being debated this time. Instead Nevada is at the center of the debate over coal-fired power plants, which provide about half the nation’s electricity. Are EPA coal emission standards strict enough? Three new plants are proposed for the Silver State, and environmental groups say their effects would be deadly to both the environment and to human health. They also say the tide is turning against coal, as evidenced by the 59 coal plant plans canceled, abandoned, or put on hold last year - despite a resurgence in coal plant proposals earlier this decade. They also point to Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid’s outspoken opposition to new coalShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Advanced Discrete Math And Algorithms1916 Words   |  8 PagesCS7800: Advanced Algorithms. Fall 2016 Homework 1 Solutions Author: Aditeya Pandey, Collaborators: Micha Schwab,Supraja Krishnan †¢ Problems 1-3 are meant as a review of undergraduate discrete math and algorithms. They shouldn’t take you too long, but I recommend starting these right away to make sure that you have the appropriate background for this course. †¢ You must type your solutions using L A TEX. Please submit both the source and PDF files using the naming conventions lastname hw1.tex and lastnameRead MoreSoftware Is Tightly Integrated With The Matlab Environment1154 Words   |  5 Pagesthen be dumped into sinks, which could be scopes, displays or could be saved to a file. Data can be connected from one block to another, can be branched, multiplexed etc. In simulation, data is processed and transferred only at Discrete times, since all computers are discrete systems. Thus, a simulation time step (otherwise called an integration time step) is essential, and the selection of that step is determined by the fastest dynamics in the simulated system. Simulink library browser SourcesRead Moremth221 r2 network flows case study Essay7741 Words   |  31 Pages23 Network Flows Author: versity. Arthur M. Hobbs, Department of Mathematics, Texas AM Uni- Prerequisites: The prerequisites for this chapter are graphs and trees. See Sections 9.1 and 10.1 of Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications. Introduction In this chapter we solve three very diï ¬â‚¬erent problems. Example 1 Joe the plumber has made an interesting oï ¬â‚¬er. He says he has lots of short pieces of varying gauges of copper pipe; they are nearly worthless to him, but for only 1/5 of the usual costRead MoreDesigning A New Low Complexity Approximation For Image Compression3363 Words   |  14 PagesABSTRACT We focus on approximate algorithms for the computation of the 8-point DCT. While not computing the DCT exactly, approximate methods can provide meaningful estimations at low-complexity requirements. Prominent techniques include the signed discrete cosine transform (SDCT), the Bouguezel–Ahmad–Swamy (BAS) series of algorithms, and the level-1 approximation by Lengwehasatit-Orteg. All above mentioned techniques possess extremely low arithmetic complexities. These techniques have some defaultsRead MoreQuiz 1 Essay834 Words   |  4 Pagesthe day. d) Identify the variable? a. 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In this digital Era, Signal processing plays an important role in making our life much easier. The important theoremsRead MoreManagement and National Service Training1620 Words   |  7 PagesSubject description | Units | Grade | Instructor |    | Semester 1 |    |    |    | Eng 111 | Effective reading, writing and listening skills/study and thinking skills | 3 |    |    | Fil 111 | Sining ng pakikipagtalastasan | 3 |    |    | Math 111 | Basic math algebra | 3 |    |    | Com 111 | Basic computer (i.t) | 3 |    |    | Soc. Sc 111 | General psychology | 3 |    |    | Cs 111 s1 | Logic formulation and introduction to programming | 3 |    |    | Cs 111 s1 | Fundamental of typing and wordRead MoreStudents Knowledge And Thirst For Greater Understanding950 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents more for independent thinking and higher education. WHAT IS AN INTEGRATED THEMATIC UNIT? Patricia Roberts (1996) describes integrated curriculum as â€Å"a way of teaching and a way of planning and organizing the instructional program so the discrete disciplines of subject matter are related to one another in a design that matches the developmental needs of the learners and that helps to connect their learning in ways that are meaningful to their current and past experiences.† Integrated curriculumRead MoreMM207 Mid Term1203 Words   |  5 Pagesimpossible to survey everyone at Kaplan, the random sampling can be the most effective way to gather a general outlook. 5. From the MM207 Student Data Set identify one variable that is discrete and one variable that is continuous. Explain your reasoning. How do you know? a) Discrete: Q17. We know that this is a discrete variable because it is a finite number that the person can have. You can not have 0.5 pets. b) Continuous: Q3. We know that this is continuous because it has no finite number andRead MoreNumerical Modeling And Tropical Meteorology991 Words   |  4 Pagesincomprehensible for me then. Realizing that a solid math foundation would be critical to further study in meteorology, I chose to study mathematics in University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). After finishing basic math courses, I challenged myself with a year-long series of honors algebra course, in which group theory, ring theory and Galois theory were covered. The homework sets and take-home exams in this course horned my skills of solving hard math problems. With limited clues for each problem

The Impact of Language on Behavior and Culture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1312 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/04/05 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Topics: Behavior Essay Did you like this example? Language is used to communicate, share and interact interpersonally. Due to the migration of people throughout the continents, different languages were created which in turn also created misunderstandings across civilizations. Theologically, there is a reason for the different languages that are found in each society. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Impact of Language on Behavior and Culture" essay for you Create order In most Judeo-Christian religious texts, is a universal story about the tower of Babel. In the Babylonian civilization, all the people of this society spoke one ubiquitous language, which allowed everyone to communicate without hesitation. The tower of Babel was an enormous monument built with the intent to reach to the heavens so that normal people could be like God and that they would not need Him. God did not like the pride and arrogance in the hearts of the people. Therefore, God made the people of Babylonia start speaking different languages so they could not communicate and work together to build the tower. This caused the people to scatter across the land, therefore creating civilizations with different languages, forever creating misunderstandings. Culture further amplifies the misunderstanding of language because of the ways that language impacts our consciousness and the way we understand certain words. Language can permanently alter someones mindset due to a persons personal interpretation of a word. Benjamin Whorf argues in The Relation of Habitual Thought and Behavior to Language, that language structures consciousness and in turn, develops complex and different meanings in vocabulary, therefore, creating different perceptions between people. In the work U.F.O in Kushiro by Haruki Murakami, a man named Komura finds a note written by his wife saying that she is leaving him. She claims that living with him is like living with a chunk of air and that he has nothing to give her and he has nothing inside. He then goes on a journey to deliver a box on behalf of his coworker to take his mind off the situation. During this journey and after having sex with a woman he met named Shimao, he begins to further analyze the meaning of his wifes letter and also analyze himself. The story, U.F.O in Kushiro leaves many questions about the meaning of Komuras wifes letter, but the statement chunk of air leads the readers and Komura to believe that Komura is empty. Both Whorfs and Murakamis works intersect because of the way both Whorf and Murakamis characters interpret words and the miscommunication and confusion that comes from language. In Whorfs work, he discusses the meaning of words and how certain words automatically implies safety when applied to other words. He uses words like -stone and empty to describe things that will not cause harm. But he argues that those same things that imply harmlessness can also mean danger. Whorf claims that when using gasoline drums, for example, people will be careful around the barrels knowing that gasoline is dangerous around a fire; however, when you add the wo rd empty to it, people around these barrels will automatically become careless about smoking or discarding cigarette stubs. He says the empty drums are perhaps the more dangerous, since they contain explosive vapor. Physically the situation is hazardous, but the linguistic analysis according to regular analogy must employ the word empty, which inevitably suggests a lack of hazard. This quote helps readers understand why humans become careless when the word empty is attached to things. The belief that there isnt anything visible in a container will make people also believe that nothing will be there to harm them if they decide to tamper with it anyway. When Komuras wife says that Komura is empty, she says that he has nothing to give her which allows readers to imply that she believes that she can easily remove him without serious consequences because he is safe and harmless. With that assumption, she completely erases the idea that Komura might react horribly to this note if she interpreted the word empty the same way as people who are careless with empty containers. Although the readers of Murakamis story will never know why Komuras wife left him nor will we know the meaning of the word empty in her mind, the readers could assume that his wife meant that Komura was an unsafe man which can be supported by the short conflict Komura had with Shimao where he almost became violent with her. This interpretation of the word empty is a major detail in U.F.O in Kushiro. After Komura tries to have sex with Shimao and is unable to get an erection, both characters try to decipher the note that Komuras wife wrote to him. Komura says That theres nothing inside me, I guess Im not sure, though. I may have nothing inside me, but what would something be?' This also goes back to Whorfs point of the empty gasoline barrel. Although Komura may be empty, carelessness could turn Komura into a dangerous person. When Shimao said that Komura will never be able to find out the contents of the box that he took to Hokkaido, his body reacts in a violent manner, he did not become violent but his thoughts almost pushed him to act violently. Murakami writes In the rooms silence, his heartbeat with a loud, dry sound. His bones cracked as he leaned forward. For a split second, Komura felt as if he were on the verge of committing an act of incredible violence. This feeling of violence could be related to the same potential danger of an empty gasoline barrel in the way that both contain highly destructive substances that are not visible to the eye. Shimao was unaware of this invisible anger when she first commented about how Komura will never know what was inside the box, but when she saw his facial expression, she immediately took back her statement. Both Komura and the empty gasoline barrel seem like they are unable to harm anything, however, when treated carelessly with a reactive substance near, they become dangerous. This may be why Komuras wife left him because she might have finally realized that his emptiness is not void of everything but his emptiness could become something harmful. Or she could have not seen his invisible dangerous behavior and only saw him as empty. Komura was able to take his emptiness in the form of aggression. Since Shimao was available at the time, he considered taking out his anger on her. Another resemblance of Komura and the empty barrel of petroleum is that they both need only one spark to explode. Komuras wife leaving him, or Shimaos joke about the unknown contents of the box could have been the spark that he needed to act in a dangerous, destructive manner. Language of any kind is the pinnacle of intelligence, however, the differences in vocabulary and their meanings can create miscommunications based on the assumptions we make which also stem from different definitions in vocabulary. Whorf claims that these differences in language can develop different cultures and behaviors in people. The way that Whorf and the characters in Murakamis book all interpret the word empty differently which further proves that languages differ depending on various factors. The evolution of the word empty changes drastically from start to finish as Komura begins to analyze the note his wife left him. Shimao saw emptiness in a way thats beneficial when she referenced how her mother wanted a salmon with only skin and no insides. Komuras wife only saw Komura as empty in a way where he could not give her anything. And after reading the thoughts that Komura has after Shimao made him angry, you can see that emptiness to Komura could mean violence. Whorfs theories about the way that language and vocabulary influence behavior are proved through Murakamis story. The definition of a word can be interpreted in various different ways depending on each individual person and their experiences.

The Downside Risk of Essay Topics for Interview Pdf That No One Is Talking About

The Downside Risk of Essay Topics for Interview Pdf That No One Is Talking About The Essentials of Essay Topics for Interview Pdf That You Will be Able to Learn From Beginning Today When you're in a conversation, have a moment to consider about which conversation you are in fact in. Nowadays TV has turned into an important part of life. Your opening may be suggested by a number of the comments from your interviews or you may want to describe a situation which causes your question. 1 approach to guarantee interview success is To have a great idea of what sort of questions could be asked. The energy at the event can be quite different to the realities when you go back to the office the next Monday. Interviews can be hard sometimes, so preparation in advance is always beneficial. The only difference, obviously, is they won't be testing your voice. As it's Adaptive your questions are likely to acquire increasingly more tough. Consider the huge decisions you have made over the past 12 decades. You always have to be on time in the area in which you meet with all interviewees. The Essay Topics for Interview Pdf Pitfall Essay writing is normally practiced is schools. Words may be an incredibly beneficial tool! Learning a new language for an early age is helpful for kids. If you've got over 30 days I would suggest world famous Word Power Made Easy'. Finding the Best Essay Topics for Interview Pdf Some people believe that keeping pets is fantastic for kids while some think that it is dangerous and unhealthy. More than a billion adults legally smoke tobacco every single day. Some people believe that teachers should be liable for teaching students to judge what's right and wrong so they can behave well. They think that schools should select students accor ding to their academic abilities, while others believe that it is better to have students with different abilities studying together. Reading over your interview essay is a great beginning, but it's helpful to ask different individuals to do that same because they're more likely to catch distinctive repetitions, errors, and unclear pieces. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you have to demonstrate your analytical skills. Make certain your essay will receive the interest of your readers by supplying the essential information needed to be known. The subject for discussion needs to be manageable, i.e. you ought to be in a position to talk about this issue in the most detailed way based on the amount of pages you need to write. You literally don't need to utilize your mind. The quantity of work which you put in to every program is outstanding. Although two students may attend class daily together for numerous decades, there is a clear probability they may know practically nothing about one another. The best thing about it's detailed answers and wide range of questions. The topics for argumentative essays are often quite self-explanatory they're common understanding. You need to understand how to compose an effective essay as it is a typical foundation for a student's grade. Two topics will be provided in each section and you need to choose a single topic from each. If you wish to choose nice and interesting American history essay topics, you have to be mindful they ought to be specific and fairly narrow so that you're able to reflect on a particular problem or issue. The rise of use of IT and its tools within the field of Education has seem tremendous increase in the recent past. Such a degree of engagement was reached so as to convey a quite straightforward principle. Occasionally it could feel since there's a requirement to output a particular amount of lines simply to appear professional. With what has been gathered, a person may then compose a comprehensive essay about the exchange.

Sympathy of Chris Mccandless free essay sample

Sympathy Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer relates to the world the journey of the young and adventurous Chris McCandless. Chris was an intelligent, albeit arrogant, man who separated himself from society and travelled into the Alaskan wild to, in the words of Chris himself, â€Å"kill the false being within†. He persevered through months of the wilderness, but soon found himself trapped and starving. Chris eventually died there and was found shortly after, quickly generating publicity. Many people who knew him and even more who did not gave young McCandless their sympathy, although some argue he is undeserving of it. Chris is, in fact, worthy of the respect and sympathy he has received. The things in life worth respecting are the things that make a difference. Even some of the people Chris treated poorly sympathize and mourn for him. He was by no means a terrible or crazy man; therefore, he is deserving of respect and sympathy. We will write a custom essay sample on Sympathy of Chris Mccandless or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One might argue that all the things Chris did on his â€Å"odyssey† were unimportant and made little difference to the world. He did, however, change the lives of the people he had met. As chronicled in Krakauer’s book, Chris made such an impact on the people he’d encountered during his journey, they remembered so much about him years after he had left them, apparently. Ron Franz, a man Chris stay and bonded with for some time, even lost his faith because of his love for the boy. Chris had a huge impact wherever he went, and was an important person. Krakauer makes an intentional point in his that Chris and his parents had a very â€Å"unhealthy† relationship. Walter, his father, constantly butted heads with his son. Strangely, after Chriss death, Walt had transformed completely, out of love and sadness for his son who treated him poorly. The whole purpose of writing Into the Wild was Krakauer trying to show the world Chris was a normal person. He does so by comparing Chris other notable people who take similar journeys like hiss, such as Gene Rosellini, whom Krakauer interpreted as a crazy individual. When contrasting Rosellini and McCandlesses stories, the author makes it clear that Chriss odyssey was not as eccentric or extreme as Rossellinis, as well as the other travelers Krakauer makes reference to. Chris might have been an outgoing and possibly a misguided youth, but what he did was not an act of evil, insignificance, or even psychotic. It was a journey the boy took in an effort to rationalize his irrational world. It was an act that by all means, deserves recognition. Chris McCandless deserves every bit of sympathy he has received.

Comparison of US Supreme Court Decisions

Earthsong vs The Makers-Book Comparison essays

Earthsong vs The Makers-Book Comparison essays Good Morning ladies and gentlemen, the nominees for Book Award in Literature are The Makers by Victor Kelleher and the Earthsong also by Victor Kelleher. Without further adieu, the winner of this prestigious award for this year is The Makers. Let me tell you how the panel of judges including myself came to the conclusion that The Makers is a more compelling read over Earthsong. Firstly, The Makers has the setting of The Keep; a huge stone fortress in the middle of the desert and the old city, the ruins of a city that is deserted and that only contains vermin. These settings are interesting and seem to have an element of evil that is exciting. While Earthsong has many settings, the snow, the desert, the jungle, and it goes on. We found that these settings were boring and too normal. Even though the animals had evolved it was just too familiar for science fiction. The next thing we compared were characters. Jeth and Rae in The Makers were adventurous, always fighting for their freedom and their cause. On the other hand, Anna and Joe in Earthsong were not thinking for themselves, Walter, the spaceship, made all their decisions, which is bad. Language in both books was taken into account. The Makers used advanced language and sometimes were too descriptive, but it helped describe the settings and gave the reader a better visualization of the book. Earthsong is an easier read but is overly descriptive in some areas. We found Walters garbled speech annoying and it slowed the book down. Lastly we looked at each of the books plots. The Makers was exciting, powerful and adventurous. While the Earthsong was just too predictable, the characters just came along for the ride with Walter. Therefore, it was clear to us that The Makers is the winner. ...

Managerial Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Managerial Accounting - Essay Example This article mainly discusses Breakeven Analysis such that the first section highlights the definition of breakeven point along with its graphical representation. Next section describes the importance of breakeven analysis. Last part of this article outlines the implications of breakeven analysis followed by the conclusion which summarize the article. Breakeven Point The level of sales or production quantity which can bring the company in a position where it neither generates any profits nor incur any losses, that point is called as breakeven point or level (tutor2u). When a particular product is manufactured, it has mainly two components which are variable costs and fixed costs. In order to reach at the breakeven level of sales, variables costs are deducted from the sales to arrive at the contribution margin. The percentage of that contribution margin with respect to sales is then compared with fixed costs resulting in the breakeven level of sales. If the contribution margin is prov ided in per unit terms, then break even quantity to be sold would be found. Following are the formulae for Breakeven Sales Level and Breakeven Quantity: Breakeven Sales Level = Fixed Cost / Contribution Margin (%) Breakeven Quantity = Fixed Cost / Contribution Margin (per unit) Where, Contribution Margin = Sales – Variable Cost Graphical Representation Graphically, breakeven points can also be identified with the help of the following diagram, where it can be observed that the point of intersection between lines OA and BC where line OA describes the normal sales level and BC denotes the total cost of the product comprising both variable and fixed costs. The point Q denotes the breakeven quantity. It is important to note that at point P, the firm is neither incurring any loss nor generating any profit and that is the breakeven point for the sales level. Reasons for Breakeven Analysis There are different reasons due to which business managers are keen to undertake this analysis such that future planning of operating activities, setting sales objectives, avoiding losses, estimating sales and costs forecasts etc. All these reasons are discussed as under: Future Planning Breakeven analysis helps business managers in undergoing rigorous future planning about the different products. By virtue of this analysis, some products are removed from the product line which can no longer generate profits, some of the products are added in as they have the capacity to generate some profits. At the same time some existing products are also continued with as their breakeven analysis provides them the likelihood of earning some profits. Setting Sales Objectives In order to motivate the sales force, breakeven analysis is conducted and then sales force is provided some targets to achieve. As per meeting the different levels of target sales, the company’s profits increase at the same time it adds up more rewards to the sales force. Avoiding Losses The next major reason f or the breakeven analysis is the avoidance of losses. Since the most preferred objective of a company is to avoid losses at any costs, therefore the business managers, conduct this analysis which reveals as which product can be sold in what quantities in order to establish different quantity levels of sales. If a given product’s breakeven quantity is too high and the company does not realize that this much quantity they can actually sold, it means that product will surly incur some losses. So it is

Creative & Critical Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Creative & Critical - Assignment Example However consistent the effects of that approach to achieving peace is, the fact remains that nobody wants to be involved in a war. No man would willingly become a soldier, ready to kill nameless others who have not done him personal harm but rather harmed his nation or a weaker one that needed protection. While numerous articles and opinion papers in the 21st century have condemned war and its outcomes to the best of the writers abilities, the most scathing condemnation of war was not done during our most recent times. Rather, it was written during the events unfolding within World War I by Wilfred Owen in his sonnet â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est†. The gravity of the poem can only be attributed to the fact that Owen wrote the poem while recovering from shell shock or in modern lingo â€Å"Post Traumatic Stress Disorder† more commonly known as PTSD in 1917, having served as a British war soldier. Writing many a war related poems during this time including â€Å"Strange Meeting†, â€Å"Insensibility†, and â€Å"S.I.W.†, this practice was actually one of the methods that he employed in order to help him deal with the trauma of the war and its lifelong effects upon him (Williamson, Andrew â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est†). It is from this highly graphic recall of his involvement in the war that led to the highly creative and almost 3-D like depiction of the war within his writing. While published posthumously in 1920 the sonnet translates into English as â€Å"It is sweet and honorable to die for ones country† (Williamson, Andrew â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est†). However, nothing about the lines from the sonnet depict war and the soldier experiences as being such. For example, the first stanza of the sonnet describes: Anybody who reads the above stanza without being told of the era that it was written it would absolutely swear that it was written by a modern day soldier coming home from

Dilmas Impeachment: the Brazilian Last Political Crush

Dilmas Impeachment: the Brazilian Last Political Crush Introduction After a year of investigations, on 31 August 2016, Dilma Rousseff, the 36th President of Brazil and the first woman to occupy this position in the countrys history, was removed from Presidency of Brazil by the Senate for breaking fiscal laws and alleged illegally manipulation of government account. Thus, Rousseff was replaced by her vice president and alliance partner Michel Temer, in the hope that he would be able to manage Brazils economic situation. However, Ms Rousseff alleged that the impeachment proceedings were commensurate to a coup dà ©tat against her government. Since Ms Rousseff allegedly believed to be the victim of a coup fomented by her politics opponents, the Brazil local media defined the impeachment as a lawful act, hardly questioning if the hypothetical coup happened or not. Above all, Michel Temer is currently one of those less popular politicians in Brazil. Methodology This research was conducted by a succinct search for newspaper articles (available on the web) that have been written about Dilmas impeachment, especially those published on 31st August and 1st September of 2016. Three articles were used from three different newspapers. They are: The Washington Post, The New York Times and The Guardian. To help with the facts, this report is also based on one opinion article written by a Brazilian Historian and Journalist Juremir Machado in the same year. Main Points / Discussion This report has the main topic to explain briefly what happened during Ms Rousseff impeachment process from the point of view of the sources selected on the day that she was ousted as Brazils President. The political crush Despite Rousseff has used all legal means to defend herself she was taken from power on 31st August 2016. The Senate said that the impeachment was provided by the Brazilian Constitution and has all the guise of legitimacy (Machado, 2016). As reported by The New York Times, when the Senate impeachment Ms Rousseff, it also ended to 13 years of governing by the leftist Workers Party. Which was coming from an era that Brazils economy had surged, expanding the countrys profile on the world stage (Romero, 2016).   The Guardian News said that not only during Rousseff administration Brazilian economy was about to stand trial, but also for decades. Equally, large number of the members of Brazilian political class have been implicated in corruption investigation (Machado, 2016). For example, the man who initiated the impeachment process, Eduardo Cunha, former president of the Chamber of Deputies, is being accused of money laundering and tax evasion. Even Michel Temer, the man who assume d Dilmas place is being investigated for money laundering (Lopes Phillips, 2016). Brazils democracy The Guardian remembers that only two of the last eight directly-elected presidents had completed their terms. As a matter of fact, two presidents had been impeached, one removed in a military coup, one killed himself, one died before taking power and another had resigned (Watts, 2016). Hence, its possible affirm that Brazils democracy is very sensitive to any crushing. Its only past 30 years since the end of Brazils military dictatorship and because of that, Brazilian democracy still raw and probably too young to deal properly with the corruption scandals. The new man in charge The New York Times alleged that her impeachment might not restore public confidence in Brazils leaders, or diminish the corruption that pervades the politics and said that it only will transfer the power from one corrupted party to another. Michel Temer situation at government seems to be just as unhinged. Per, The Washington Post Michel Temer belongs to the more conservative Brazilian Democratic Movement Party, and is trying to introduce austerity measures to right the economy (Lopes Phillips, 2016). The Washington Post says: Temer is as unpopular as Rousseff, and whether he can muster the political support for such changes was unclear (Lopes Phillips, 2016). What is happening next In accordance with The New York times, being Ms Rousseff deposed, there is a possibility of the conservative speeches grow even more powerful in the country. Therefore, the party would be damaged as well possibly turning impossible a new re-election. Now, is waiting for the next direct election which is happening next year, in 2018. According to The Guardian, big protests anti-impeachment were seen in many cities in Brazil during the week of Ms Rousseffs judgment, demonstrating that the population did not totally accept the impeachment results. Conclusion Based on the research, it is unanimous between the articles that Dilmas administration wasnt the best for Brazil. However, the articles also investigated the fact that Michel Temer is part of the opposition party, letting understand that maybe the problem can be deeply in Brazils democracy. Michel Temer and his party are in the same way that Ms Rousseff a not better option for Brazil political condition. The sources also believed that the fact of Ms Rousseff was a former revolutionary against the military dictatorship could influence her to be ousted from the government. Nevertheless, we are talking about recent facts, in other words, Brazils crisis is part of history of the present time, running now without soon ending. References Lopes, M. Phillips, D. (2016, August 31). Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff ousted in impeachment vote. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/brazilian-president-dilma-rousseff-faces-final-impeachment-vote/2016/08/30/c85173d4-6ee7-11e6-993f-73c693a89820_story.html?utm_term=.77cd305a0e35 Romero, S. (2016, August 31). Dilma Rousseff Is Ousted as Brazils President in Impeachment Vote. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/01/world/americas/brazil-dilma-rousseff-impeached-removed-president.html?_r=0 Watts, J. (2016, September 1) Brazils Dilma Rousseff impeached by senate in crushing defeat. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/31/dilma-rousseff-impeached-president-brazilian-senate-michel-temer Machado, J. (2016, August 27). Opinià £o: Queda de Dilma ou à © golpe de Estado ou à © farsa. Correio do Povo. Retrieved from http://www.correiodopovo.com.br/blogs/juremirmachado/2016/08/8983/le-monde-desmascara-o-golpe/

The Impact of Social Idealogy on Virginia Woolfs To The Lighthouse Ess

The Impact of Social Idealogy on Woolf's To the Lighthouse     Ã‚   Throughout literature the ideology of the society in which the author was living is evident in the text. This can cause certain groups within a text to be empowered while the other groups are marginalised and constrained by the social restrictions placed upon them by the ideology. In the novel To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf, Woolf shows us an awareness of gender politics during the 1920 ¹s Britain by subverting the traditional gender roles but at the same time naturalises notions of class causing certain groups to be constrained.    In the novel Woolf subverts the patriarchial portrayal of feminism with the character of Lily Brascoe. Lily is constructed as an independent character who defies the ingrained beleifs of how a woman should act. She does this through her actions in a different style despite Mr Tansley ¹s assertion that Å’women can ¹t write, women can ¹t paint ¹ and refuses to marry even though it was a popular belief that all women should marry Å’as an unmarried woman has missed the best of life ¹. Instead Lily thought that that 'she did not need to marry, thank heaven she did not need to undergo that degradation. Woolf applauds this attitude, as at the completion of the novel, Lily is one of the few characters who has achieved fulfilment or in her case the completion of a painting begun ten years prior.    Yet although the character of Lily and her decisions are applauded in the text, Lily is only enabled to have such an attitude because of her status as a member of the wealthier class. In the novel, class is viewed more as a benign structure for the common good than as a structure in which the members of the higher ... ...t notions of class, class and gender were so closely intertwined that men and women of wealthier classes within the text were often privileged while those of the lower class found themselves constrained by the gender roles pertaining to them. This is often the case as in a particular ideology, as gender roles vary for different social background.    Works Cited and Consulted Jameson, Fredric. " Social Idealogy in Woolf's To the Lighthouse" Twentieth Century Literature, Spring 1994 v40 n1 p15. Latham, Jacqueline, ed. Critics on Virginia Woolf. Florida: University of Miami Press, 1970. O'Brien Schaefer, Josephine. Reality in the Novels of Virginia Woolf. The Hague: Mouton and Co., 1965, pp. 111-13, 118-25. (Latham, pg. 72-78). Woolf, Virginia. To the Lighthouse. Introduction by D.M. Hoare, Ph.D. London: J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1960   

Government Functions Essay

In the economic system of any country, the government is the authority governing the day to day transactions and dealings between individuals whether private or public. Other functions are enforcement of rules and regulations, overseeing the making and execution of contracts and setting of standards to be followed. To do this, resources are required hence collection of taxes. The functions aside, the government itself owns firms within the economy hence a player. The role played by the state/government has been under close support and criticism simultaneously. In some countries, the government’s role is welcome whilst in others it detested. The main object of government in both scenarios though is the allocation of scarce resources and creating an environment suitable for such resources to be exploited. This is achieved through ensuring that law and order is maintained. External costs incurred by businesses that are not factored in the business transactions are also taken into account by the government. This is in order to protect them from exploitation which may otherwise lead to bankruptcy and collapse. The government’s role shouldn’t be solely that of creation of a good environment for business via maintenance of law and order. Rather, it should go beyond this by being a key player in the economy. Law and order though facilitates stability as well as reduces corruption hence encouraging investment. Using the opportunity cost principle, the uses to which scarce resources can be put are many and the real costs are those which are forgone. These are incurred in cases where corruption is existent. Examples of such costs according to Sowell include delay in performance of certain economic activities given an unviable corrupt economic environment this results to non-development of basic infrastructure that would have been used to carry out the economic activity. In turn, planned investments do not occur hence existing output levels are not increased due to lack of expansion. The final results are normally unemployment accompanied by brain drain as the environment is similarly not viable to work in. Simply put, higher corruption levels are accompanied by low economic growths and low per capita incomes. Other effects of corruption are discrimination in the employment sector and profiling of workers. Contributing to slow economic growth are also long bureaucratic processes. All these contribute to driving away investors. Corruption doesn’t necessarily come in the form of direct bribes. It may also be in the form of nepotism and tribalism which is currently prevalent in most countries. The law being a set of rules and principles that are used in the day to day running of a country ought to have the following characteristics;- reliability; uniformity in application i. e. they must portray a sense of fairness and equality; rigidity i. e. they should not change from time to time. Rigidity brings about stability. Countries with laws that have these characteristics are prone to boost investor confidence as well as encouraging skilled labor to immigrate into the country in search of job opportunities. Such skilled labor may not have been available locally. This set of rules and principles should be impartial but discriminatory at the same time. The discriminatory aspect of some laws has at times proven to boost economic growth. However the statement holds only when the discriminating facet is known by the parties involved well in advance. If the discriminating nature of the law is known, the economic environment will be more stable as compared to where the justice system is discriminatory in interpretation and application of the law. The law may be discriminatory on the basis of aspects such as religion and race. However, if the economy grows, the growth will be felt across the board and not just by those for whom the law discriminates. Even though some laws have discriminatory aspects, they should not in any way allow for the exploitation of one by another nor allow for the interference of one’s activities by another with malicious intentions. A country’s economy is majorly dependent on the existence of a government. Nonetheless, this dependability also takes into consideration the government’s effectiveness in law enforcement. Geographically, some regions within the same country will have laws being more enforced than others. However, extra costs incurred by businesses in ensuring that goods and services reach the consumers are always transferred to the same consumers. This reduces demand due to high prices. Property Rights On property rights, focus should be placed not just on the owners of such but more so on the general effect the existence and exercise of such rights has on the economy. The exercise of property rights may result to economic effects which impact negatively on the populace as there maybe no single individual to blame. As a result, property rights should be closely monitored but even more emphasis ought to be placed on automatic self-monitoring by individuals as a solution. The mere fact that the property rights do exist creates a sense of self-monitoring on the individual which is more effective and less costly as compared to government monitoring. This self-productivity results to increased productivity and lower commodity prices as there is less wastage. However, negligence may also result on the part of the property owners and class stratification. However, given that property rights do have a greater economic efficiency, the general population will have higher living standards when the economic growth that results trickles down. However, restrictions such as setting of minimum standards and creation of Boards to oversee the use of certain property should be put in place. These will help prevent exploitation. Stringent laws need also be put into place by governments and respective authorities. In creation and application of restrictions to property rights, one has to have in mind that property rights do have intentions and effects. Economic incentives by the government do play a big role and such rights need to be looked at from the economic angle i. e. the incentives that are brought about by them. One should also ask what the effects of changing them or completely doing without them are. Social order is a function of existence of laws, government institutions to ensure the maintenance of law and order and acknowledgement of such by the citizens. The degree of social order differs from one country to another as well as from one individual to another. It is the existence or inexistence of a social order and its level that determines how business dealings are conducted between individuals. Social order should be upheld in all aspects of government. This may in turn extend to the rest of the community hence doing away with corruption thus bringing down transaction costs. If the social order is inexistent or at a low level, enterprises tend to be small scale. This translates to lower production and by the economies of scale, the end user experiences higher prices. A good social order thus attracts investment. The government can boost this by encouraging honesty within its administration, indirectly supporting or detesting cultures that are pro-honesty. The same can also be achieved via school curricula. Another factor that can either undermine or develop the social order are the nature of a country’s law. However, the market has a way of creating its own social order. External costs and benefits do exist in business and they occur outside the parties that are part to an actual transaction. These are however not accounted for in the market place and it is for this reason that the government has to come in to make decisions regarding external costs and benefits via legislation and regulations. Some benefits are indivisible. They are either a whole or nothing at all. To decide any aspect about them is thus better left to government. External costs on their part are felt either directly or indirectly by individuals. The individuals thus decide basing on how the external costs impact them and their activities. In countries with popularly elected governments, most of the decisions made by are not put into much economic consideration. Focus is actually mainly placed on making the people happy and not necessarily on economic improvement. Most of such decisions are political and not economically beneficial to the country. CHAPTER 18: GOVERNMENT FINANCE Like any other enterprise whether profit making or non-profit making, resources are needed to enable a business e a continuing venture. On the part of the government, its spending aspect if a factor of revenue collection. Revenue is raised via tax collection. How this tax is collected greatly affects how much will in effect be collected as it impacts on the citizen’s view on taxation policies. Any change in taxation policy by the government will automatically result in behavioral change by the tax payer in terms of expenditure and savings. This change is however in no scale predictable and may go at length to affect the performance of the economy at large. No rule can be said to be applied by government to predict this change. The net tax paid by an individual is a factor of the number of taxes that are applicable on a said person and their position economically. Value Added Tax (VAT) takes a bigger share from the poor than it does from the rich as spending on consumer goods makes up a greater percentage of the poor person’s budget whilst saving or re-investment makes up a greater percentage of the rich’s budget. However, tax paid by individuals is a mixture of both regressive and progressive taxes. However, the official legal indicator of incidence of tax does not necessarily show who bears the incidence of tax. Before a government makes decisions on whether or not to increase a particular tax, factors to be considered are how the tax is collected. This determines whether the tax is being felt by the individual or not. Increasing or decreasing the tax may thus not necessarily result to behavioral change by the consumer. One way through which government raises income is through sale of bonds. It is this level of sale of government bonds that determines the national debt. The impact the national debt will have on the economy is a dependent on what percentage it is of the country’s GDP. However, both GDP and national debt increase over time as a result of increased population size. The vice versa is also true. Sale of bonds is considered a future investment by the government and who bears the cost of the national debt is worth considering i. e. whether it is the government or the tax payer. To the government, accrued interest over time is one cost. This interest may affect investor confidence both in the short and long term. As bonds are sold and re-sold over time, their interest rate has to be increased lest they lose their value. This however lowers investor confidence in the long run. The rise in government interest rates may bring about a ripple effect increase on other interest rates as investors look for money with which to purchase the bonds. Influence of government may however make product prices independent of their costs despite the above ripple effect they may have at the same time. In an economy, there always are unmet needs which the government must satisfy. However resource distribution by government takes into account not the maximization of their use but rather merely re-distribution. It is this that explains why government may undertake projects that are not economically profitable or necessary as well as why some public utilities are offered at prices which are way below their actual market value or at no value at all. Spending by the government is mainly a factor of whether or not there is the need to spend whilst the principles behind such spending are outlined by the law. Through its expenditure, the government is able to influence the economy’s net purchasing power. Increased government spending implies more money will be in the economy thus leaving more at the hands of households for spending on other commodities other than those for which the government has already paid for. Costs as a result of government spending can either be to the government or the economy. It should be clear who is bearing the cost and the nature of the cost. As utility varies from individual to individual, the desire to purchase due to price disparity can thus be controlled via price controls or subsidies. The latter have however proven more fruitful than the former since subsidies transfer the total cost of an item to the entire population rather than letting a single individual to incur it. Here the cost is thus on the economy, not the government. From this, one can deduce that government finance comes in to bring a solution to the price-utility problem by creating an even bigger problem or rather shifting the cost from the government to the economy. The pattern of government expenditure is majorly a political function. Projects that prove politically building are more likely to be undertaken. Any government has got its obligations and current and future expenditure make up the government’s obligations regarding expenditure. Future obligations may seem not that costly until it reaches a point where they must be incurred. Their costs are accounted for but not incurred until the need arises. Incentives can be either political or economical. Incentives such as government pensions are majorly dependent on the size of the working and the retired population. A good balance enables pension payment. On the private side however, payment of insurance benefits is dependent on the currently existing subscribers to the insurance. CHAPTER 20: INTERNATIONAL TRADE Some have argued that in international trade, while one country gains, another loses. But both parties should be gaining in a way otherwise there wouldn’t be a reason to trade. A country may gain via for example economic growth. This has been the general effect of international trade. However, terms used in international trade such as trade deficit and surplus do not necessarily reflect a country’s economic wellness. To determine this, one has to look past the figures involved in international trade. A country may have quite a number of reasons why it should or should not engage itself in international trade. Reasons for however outweigh those against. Those for include absolute advantage, comparative advantage and economies of scale. In terms of absolute advantage, one country can produce particular commodities at prices cheaper than those of another or products of a higher quality. This may encourage it to pursue international trade. As for comparative advantage, the opportunity cost of one country A to produce a certain commodity at the expense of another is much lower than that of country B. Comparative advantage is thus all about efficiency of one country as compared to another. The costs forgone in producing a product should be lower and income generated from the production line opted for ought to be higher hence making them economically viable. The returns should also be in surplus enough for the country to purchase the commodity it forgo to produce. In terms of economies of scale, some ventures are viable only if there is enough market to consume the output. Such markets can be created through exports of commodities hence maximizing advantages brought about due to economies of scale or large scale production. Apart from enabling countries to achieve economies of scale, international trade also facilitates countries to fully utilize their comparative and absolute advantages. However, economies of scale have also resulted in the downfall of some infant industries where protectionist policies are inexistent. In as much as many countries may engage in international trade, some succeed whilst others do not. Reasons for the downfall of others may be the restrictions that exist in International Trade. These include emphasis that has been placed on efficiency of the production process. Another effect of such restrictions are collapse of domestic industries where protectionism does not exist. However international trade itself brings about government interference with trade due to policies such as protectionism while it may result to creation of monopolistic markets and unfair competition finally. Arguments for International Trade restrictions Different arguments have been put forward for international trade to have restrictions. The high wage fallacy argues that commodities produced by highly paid workers cannot compete with those produced by low paid ones. This does not hold since the argument does not distinguish between wage rates and labor costs and between labor costs and total costs. Wage rates may therefore be higher yet the total costs are lower due to economies of scale hence higher profits. Restrictions may also exist so as to save jobs domestically. However, just as free trade results to growth in the economies of all countries engaged simultaneously so do trade restrictions result to reduced economic growth or even reversed economic growth. Restricting trade thus does not result in increased employment. Rather, there will be less spending in the economy. The infant industry argument posits that local developing industries ought to be given time to grow to a level at which they can compete with other industries. However, survival of an industry is not a factor of its growth in terms of production and sales. Political muscle plays a key role in determining the fate of an industry. The National defense argument tries to explain why countries opt to have suppliers of things that are essential for their own national survival lest the external supplier turn enemy. Examples of such commodities are ammunition. Last on the list of reasons for protectionism is the dumping argument which is however restricted given the uncertainties of determining production costs. Here economies of scale may come into play and a supplier selling his/her commodities at lower prices abroad may actually be mistaken for dumping. These restrictions to trade may come in the form of tariffs which are taxes on imports and aim to raise their prices. The restrictions may also be in the form of import quotas which bring about uneven competition beside achieving the same objective of raising import prices. CHAPTER 21: INTERNATIONAL TRANSFERS OF WEALTH International wealth transfers may take the forms of either direct or indirect foreign investments or remittances from citizens whose domicile is abroad. Rich countries always tend to invest in fellow rich counties due to fear of not getting a return on their investment if done in a poor country. Political and economic stability, corruption levels, level of honesty amongst the country’s populace as well as movement of capital within a said country’s economy are factors affecting the decision of whether to or not to invest. International trade takes into account only goods exchanged between countries leaving behind service output. It is for this that International trade has to be at a balance despite the fact that measures used in international trade may not be true reflectors of the trade. An economy that has concentrated in service production rather than goods will tend to export more services and import more commodities. The decision of whether a trade deficit is harmful or not is best done by comparing the deficit with the performance of the whole economy. As a result, the Balance of Payment measure is a better reflector of international trade than the Balance of Payments. Economic transactions are not zero-sum activities where only the buyer and the seller gain, rather it is a wealth creator to both the parties directly involved and to the â€Å"spectators. † Immigration and emigration which are key factors in international trade result to knowledge transfer, new ideas and businesses being created, job creation amongst others. However, on the dark side of the same are diseases, brain drain, increase in crime, collapsing economies and terrorism. Imperialism which implies the domination and exploitation of one country by another is also a means of wealth transfer. However, international investments have been argued to be equal to imperial looting as the subject country loses more than it gains. This explains the class strata of first, second and third world countries. Ceteris paribus, imperialism is more of a moral than an economic argument. Foreign aid, which entails wealth transfer from richer to poorer countries or from one government to another, may or may not be used for intended purposes. The use of foreign aid in government investments has more often than not resulted to mismanagement due to corruption. Some foreign aid comes with strings attached in the form of Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs). Such aid has proven to deter rather than encourage development. World over, the inexistence of a body to oversee the giving of aid to poorer countries has resulted to exploitation of the recipient. Aid may be in the form of cash grants or goods and services to the recipient country. However, the under-utilization of most of the resources in the recipient country is what leads it to have a need for foreign aid. CHAPTER 23: MYTHS ABOUT MARKETS The name â€Å"market† in itself is a myth as a market is viewed as a thing rather than the people in the market themselves who are engaging in business activity. This has led to rigidity of the market. In a market, variation of prices from one seller to another is always notable. This, economists would say defy the laws of supply and demand but in actual sense they do not. Rather, supply and demand should be looked at from the point of view of different consumers. Each consumer will have a different of demand and supply curve intersections due to utility. Prices in the market ought to be ‘affordable’ and ‘reasonable’ is a notion that is not realistic. It implies that prices should be independent of the market forces of demand and supply as well as production cost but should instead favor the purchasing power of the consumer. The third myth about markets is that some firms may tend to sell their products at below normal prices so as to drive away competition. This myth has not been proven though hence is not that realistic. Fourth is the issue of branding. Despite its advantages of making suppliers and manufacturers to emphasize on quality, the products being sold are more or less the same. What will actually be different is the pricing products or services with brand names that are widely known will definitely cost or charge more. A business, no matter how small is linked to the economy as a whole. Te role different enterprises play in the economy is a factor of whether they are classified as profit and loss or as non-profit making enterprises. However, there exist differences between the two in that profit and loss organizations will always tend to emphasize on quality in order to maximize profits whilst in non-profit making organizations, the customers themselves will not be in a position to emphasize on quality since they are already paying far less than the true value of the commodity or service they are getting. It is the nature of the organization that finally determines what name will be given to the extra amounts remaining after costs as well as how it will be used. In some its called profit whilst in others it is revenue. The ‘Trickle down theory|; is more of a political than an economic theory. The theory posits that those opposed to equality in resource distribution tend to believe that resources should be bestowed on the rich so that it may in effect trickle down to the rest of the populace. The theory is a myth since economically one has to spend first so as to make an income. This spending comes in the form of say purchase of goods and services for sale as well as payments made for their delivery. The economic reality is thus exactly the opposite of the ‘Trickle Down effect. † CHAPTER 24: NON-ECONOMIC VALUES Economics is not a value in itself. Rather it compares values. The market on its part is a reflector of the people’s attitudes and actions as well as beliefs. The issue of the market with respect to moral and social values arises when the market is looked at from the angle of the impact it has on such issues. The society’s moral standards will determine how transactions are conducted in the market. Non-economic values in the market tend to introduce morality into business by defining words such as greed alongside maximization of profit for example and others. These non-economic values however put aside economic concepts like the laws of demand and supply that are used in price determination. These non-economic values are also one-sided since they tend to lean on the consumer’s side mostly whilst forgoing the seller’s side. However, greed cannot be termed to be a product of any particular economic system. Rather it is an intricate trait in all humans and which all have to cope with. The difference however comes with regard to how this greed manifests itself in the different economic systems and how it is controlled. The term greed is however neither adequate or fair in explaining the desire of the seller to make as much profit as possible out of the buyer nor the wish of the buyer to purchase the product with the highest quality at the lowest price. Greed is thus a two way concept which only looks at who is on the gaining end. Exploitation is another term that crops up whenever non-market values are mentioned. It can simply be said to be that which is beyond the acceptable as per the society’s moral standards. Exploitation is thus based on emotion and not the facts existing on the real world. The disparity between greed and exploitation comes in that whilst the former occurs in almost all types of economic systems, exploitation mostly occurs in monopolistic markets where no free competition exists and the buyer has no wide choice of commodities given the factor of the sole supplier. To regulate the above, the government may put in place regulations such as trade barriers, tariffs and quotas as well as value added tax or corporate taxes. Taxation by the government may however be considered as both greed and exploitation. Greed since even the poorest of persons in the economy pays taxes whether in the form of VAT or income tax and exploitation as the government enjoys a monopoly of taxing the people yet one may argue that the quality of services is not guaranteed. The market however takes into consideration many factors before pricing decisions are made. At times the employer for instance may be at the receiving end when the employee has a greater bargaining power or where the demand for services he/she can render is higher than what the market can supply. Here, both greed and exploitation come into play. In as much as governments try to control or maintain at a low the levels of exploitation and greed, the measures put in place might actually serve to make even worse the life of the consumers in cases where exploitation and greed did not exist before. The principle of fairness when looked at from the non-market values point of view carries with it two assumptions. First is that all individuals are playing by the same rules and secondly that all players have the same potential. However, these two may not hold as different individuals have different desires, priorities and thus derive different levels of utility from the same activity, commodity or service. Fairness doe not have a specific definition hence it is majorly those in power who are left to define what is and what is not fair. However, vested interests may underlie the making of such decision. Some groups may also be completely ignored in deciding what fairness is. Economics being majorly concerned with the distribution of resources and values tends to critic â€Å"unmet needs† of the society. Here, the decision of whether a government should carry out a project or not is a function of what has to be sacrificed in order to satisfy the unmet need. However, the existence or identification of an unmet need is not a justification of it to be met. CHAPTER 25: PARTING THOUGHTS The economic concepts and principles cannot all be listed given the imaginative nature of the human mind. However, in as much as new concepts and principles are being developed whilst older ones continue to be refined and refuted, the bottom line should be that they all ought to divorce from emotions which vary from human being to human being. Rather there ought to be basic concepts and principles that are followed by both new and old economic ideas. The above fallacies ought to carry precision in the use of words as well as clarity in order to ensure their true or intended ideology is achieved. A common feature of most economic fallacies is that they focus on the initial consequences of particular policies and not the long term effects of the same. Confusion thus results as focus is placed not on the benefits or effects of policies but rather on the objectives of such policies. The importance of economic principles supersedes their use in only economic factors. If keenly looked at, most things do have economic aspects in which economic principles ca be applied. Instead of focusing on the objectives of goals, of main concern should be the activities that will be pursued t achieve such goals, what the particular legislation or goal encourages and discourages, the regulations that will follow the attainment of the goal, the long term effects of activities aimed towards attaining the goal. Last but not least, we ought to look at similar goals that were attained in the past and the impact they had. In as much as economics carries many fallacies, a distinction should be made between what is practical and what is indeed a fallacy.

The Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln - 1486 Words

Why is Abraham Lincoln such an amazing person? Who is he? What did he do to change America for the better? Almost everyone should know about Lincoln. Lincoln was not the man everyone thought was fit for the job, they all thought he was less than what he was. Lincoln showed them that he is one of the best presidents America has had. There is a chance America could still have slavery in the country if Lincoln did not step in and start to end slavery. Lincoln was a big part of this countries history. So what did he do in his life that was so great? Biography Abraham Lincoln was not a popular guy at all. No one new about him until the presidential election. Lincoln was a man that was just smarter, or more wise than the rest of the people. He†¦show more content†¦While Lincoln served as president he accomplished many great things. He had his goals set, and he was going to achieve those goals whether it meant all of America turning on him, or not because that is what he believed was right for this country, and what he set his goal to be was very helpful to the country and the country would not be where it is today if he had not changed some things in the countries way of life. Lincoln was a president in progress, but he was assassinate, and that Lincoln that was assassinate was not the Lincoln everyone thought he was at the first of the election. Even after his election there where moments when the people question if they had elected the right man to be president. He showed the people that he does have what it takes after the elec tion, and his assassination was a tragedy to the people and to the rest of the country. No one in this country would, and no one should, deny that he was the greatest president. (â€Å"A+E Networks†) Lasting Experiences Emancipation Proclamation. The Emancipation Proclamation is one that Lincoln is well known for. This did not end slavery, even though many people think it did. The war was still going when it first was established in January 1, 1863. The Emancipation Proclamation allowed slaves the right to join the Army, or the Navy in the Union. This overall, was one of Lincoln’s greatest accomplishments. The blacks where happy that they could finally serve their country, and nearly 200,00